Index
Acknowledgments xi
Introduction: The Shadow History Of The Internet xiii
Prelude: The Global Spam Machine xiii
The Technological Drama Of Spam, Community, And
Attention xvi
The Three Epochs Of Spam xxii
1 Ready For Next Message: 1971-1994 1
Spam And The Invention Of Online Community 1
Galapagos 1
The Supercommunity and the Reactive Public 5
Royalists, Anarchists, Parliamentarians,
Technolibertarians 11
The Wizards 17
In The Clean Room: Trust And Protocols 19
Interrupting The Polylogue 29
The Charivari 34
Complex Primitives: The Usenet Community, Spam, And
Newbies 34
Shaming And Flaming: Antispam, Vigilantism, And The
Charivari 43
For Free Information Via Email 48
The Year September Never Ended: Framing Spam's
Advent 48
This Vulnerable Medium: The Green Card Lottery 53
2 Make Money Fast: 1995-2003 63
Introduction: The First Ten Moves 63
The Entrepreneurs 67
Let's Get Brutal: Premier Services And The Infrastructure
Of Spam 71
Building Antispam 81
The Cancelbot Wars 81
Spam And Its Metaphors 86
The Charivari In Power: Nanae 93
You Know The Situation In Africa: Nigeria And 419 101
The Art Of Misdirection 110
Robot-Readability 110
The Coevolution Of Search And Spam 113
3 The Victim Cloud: 2003-2010 125
Filtering: Scientists And Hackers 125
Making Spam Scientific, Part 1 125
Making Spam Hackable 133
Poisoning: The Reinvention Of Spam 143
Inventing Litspam 143
The New Suckers 152
"New Twist In Affect": Splogging, Content Farms, And Social
Spam 155
The Popular Vote 155
The Quantified Audience 161
In Your Own Words: Spamming And Human-Machine
Collaborations 166
The Botnets 171
The Marketplace 175
Inside The Library Of Babel: The Storm Worm 180
Surveying Storm: Making Spam Scientific, Part II 184
The Overload: Militarizing Spam 187
Criminal Infrastructure 192
CONCLUSION 199
The Use Of Information Technology Infrastructure 199
...To Exploit Existing Aggregation Of Human
Attention 201
Notes 205
Bibliography 229
Index 255
